Thus far there has been no substantial breakthroughs and prominent results in the field of Russian electronics, but there is no need to complain about the lack of progress. Russia has something to demonstrate in the global electronic market. Many Russian companies in the industry are successful abroad. The meaningful results have been mostly achieved thanks to enterprisers' tenacity, but not thanks to the government assistance. We present the ranking of the best companies.

1. Monocrystalline. Founder: Vladimir Polyakov. Date of establishment: 1999. Capital: $400 million. Products: monocrystalline sapphires, pastes for metallization of solar cells. Area of application: optics, laser technology. Customers: Apple.

Note that the displays on Apple Watch devices are made exactly in Stavropol, where the company is located.

2. Innalabs. Founder: Dmitry Simonenko. Date of establishment: 2003. Location: Ireland. Products: vibrating gyroscopes and accelerometers. Area of application: aviation, space, military-industrial complex. Customers: Google, SpaceX.

Gyroscopes and accelerometers of Innalabs are popular with the above-noted companies, as well as the manufacturers of European military equipment.

3. Optolink. Founders: Yury Kirishko and his scientist colleagues. Date of establishment: 2001. Production sites: Zelenograd, Arzamas, Saratov. Production: optic fiber gyroscopes and navigation systems based on them. Area of application: aviation, space, military-industrial complex. Customers: NASA, Lockheed Martin.

4. AMT&C Group. Founder: Alexander Tishin, Professor of the Physics Department of Moscow State University. Date of establishnment: 1999. Production: magnets. Area of application: mechanical engineering, household appliances, metallurgy. Customers: 3M

The company is the world's leading supplier of flexible magnets. The offices of AMT&C Group are located in the UK, Brazil, Germany, China, Ukraine, and the developments are being conducted in Russia.

5. IPG Photonics. Founder: Valentin Gapontsev, Head of Department of Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology. Date of establishment: 1990. Capital: $1.2 billion. Production: optical fiber lasers. Area of application: medicine, engineering. Customers: General Electric, Volkswagen.

The business of manufacturing optical fiber lasers is located in the United States, but the developments are being conducted in Russia. In 2006, IPG Photonics listed its stock on Nasdaq. Rusnano was a long-term investor of the company.

6. Innolume. Founders: Alexey Kovsh, Daniil Livshits and his scientist colleagues. Date of establishment: 2003. Production: semiconductor chips, modules and systems for lasers development. Area of application: laser technology, medicine. Customers: Hewlett-Packard.

The company mainly specializes in the production of chips for lasers. Now Innolume is working on the R&D project for HP.

7. PCC (Perm Chemical Company). Founder: Kirill Golovanov. Date of establishment: 2002. Production: hexafluorobutadiene electronic gas. Area of application: electronics. Customers: Samsung, Toshiba.

The company produces several types of gases including hexafluorobutadiene for plasma etching in microelectronics. It delivers gas to Japan, then it goes to the Toshiba and Samsung plants from there. A manufacturer of flash-memory for Apple gadgets is among the company's customers.

8. Russian Materials and Technologies. Founder: Gennady Gromov. Date of establishment: 1994. Production: thermoelectric coolers based on the Peltier element. Area of application: telecommunications, medicine, space.

The company produces 1700 types of coolers which control the temperature of electronic systems. The majority of the production is exported.

9. AEPS Group. Founder: Alexander Goncharov. Date of establishment: 2003. Production: secondary power source and power supply converter. Area of application: telecommunications, mechanical engineering, aviation. The company produces power supplies with a capacity from 3 W to 10 kW, which are capable of working under -60 to +125 degrees, and electronics supplementing them.

10. RiT Technologies. Founder: Ofer Bengal, later, the company share was bought by Sergey Anisimov. Date of establishment: 1989. Annual revenues: $6.6 billion. Investor: Stins Coman. Production: telecommunications equipment. Area of application: telecommunications, data centers. Customers: PetroChina, O2, the Prague Airport.

The co-owner S. Anisimov created R & D department in Tel Aviv (Israel), where he tries to to appear in person, and in parallel, he works in Moscow, where his core business is Stins Coman Corporation.