Mumbai

Mumbai, the largest metropolis in India, is considered the most stressful city in the world. There, a significant part of the population lives in slums. The main difficulties that low-income locals have to face on a daily basis are insufficient social protection and limited access to medical services. Also, the quality of life in Mumbai is negatively affected by the environment, namely high air pollution levels.

Lagos

Nigeria's largest metropolis now ranks second among the most stressful cities in the world. Residents of Lagos face a number of serious problems every day. One of the most acute is the endless traffic jams, which are a direct result of poor transport infrastructure and a huge population density. These problems are aggravated by a water crisis, a severe shortage of adequate housing, and a high crime rate.

Manila

The capital of the Philippines ranks third on the list. The main problem for the local population is the severe lack of public transportation. As a result, many residents of Manila prefer to use personal means of transport, thus creating huge traffic congestion. Also, the problem with traffic jams is aggravated by frequent flooding, which occurs due to the geographical location of the city. Manila is located in a low-lying area that is prone to heavy rains and typhoons, which often lead to flooding of streets and major roads.

New Delhi

India's capital city, New Delhi, is at number four on the list of the most stressful cities in the world. The main factor causing increased stress among local residents is severe air pollution. This problem is especially acute in the winter months when the concentration of small, harmful particles (PM2.5) exceeds the recommended standards several times. This causes a significant deterioration in the well-being of many Delhiites and increases the number of hospitalizations.

Baghdad

The capital of Iraq, Baghdad, closes the list of the top 5 most stressful cities in the world. For the last few years, this metropolis has been experiencing constant protests against the backdrop of political instability in the country. This leads to the deterioration of public order and security. Gender inequality also seriously affects the level of stress among the local population. Women in Baghdad often suffer discrimination and limited access to medicine and education.